Internal-combustion engine.



E. A. NELSON. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION man Dc.f7.1914.

. qcp Patented Nov. 20, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l. 2G 29 28 22 2 27 l lig: 23 2 20 I Zi IN i 15 4Z ,MM/WUr N2 55 Y 27 ZGX 31 @wa/wm@ l Emil .Nelson V gall, QV, I Lal,

E. A. NELSON.

:NTERNAL CUMBUSTIUN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 17. 1914.

Patented; Nov. v20, 1917 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

P:r sae arena operron.

EMIL a. NNLsoN, or

RoNvrLnn, MICHIGAN.

INTERNALCOIVIBUSTION- ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 211. 1917.

To all whom z' may concern.'

Be it known that I, EMIL A. NELSON, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Ronville, in the county of Wayne and' State of Michigan, have invented cer-.

`construction and arrangement ofA head for internal combustion engines, and its object is to provide a simple and compact ar` rangement of valve and valve operating mechanism carried by the head; and further to provide a construction and arrangement whereby the parts are eifectually lubricated and the lubricant prevented from entering the combustion chamber of the engine. It

is also an bject' of. the invention to so construct` the head as to provide an airpasf sage therethrough for supplying warm air to a carbureter; and to providecertain other new and useful features in the construction and arrangement of parts, all as hereinafter' more fully described and pointed out in the appended claims reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 `is a longitudinal vertical section through the upper portion or headvv of an engine embodying the invention;

' Fig. 2 is atransverse vertical'section of the same upon the line w-w of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a, similar view upon the line y-y of Fig. l, and Y Fig. 4 'is a horizontal section upon the lline a-a of Fig. 3. l

In the drawings, the invention is illustrated as applied to a four cylinder engine but it will be understood that it may be constructed for any desired number of cylinders.

The upper ends of the several cylinders are indicated at 1 and these are facedoif to receive the head 2 which is bolted in place thereon in the usual manner. The head is formed to provide a continuation of each cylinder, thlsextension or continuation being provided to form a compression chamber having seats formed around openings' in its upper end wall for inlet valves 3 and exhaust valves 4. f

As shown in Fig. 4 the head is formed with an inlet passage 5 having branches 6 each leading to a pair of inlet valves, and also with outlet passages 7 and 3 leading from the end exhaust valves and a center passage 9 leading center exhaust valves. vA water space 10 `surrounds all of these passages and communicates with the water jacket in the cylinders. to the side of the head to receive the exhaust from the passages 7, 8 and 9 and the outlet end of anysuitable form of carbureter 12 is secured 4over the inlet passage 5 to supply combustible charges thereto. The water space is provided with suitable water connections 13 and 14. i lEach valve has an integral valve stem 15 extending upwardly through a suitable bear ing 16 and is provided with a coiled spring 17 sleeved thereon between vthe end of the bearing and a suitable washer 18 upon the upper end of the stem forming a seat for the spring which acts to hold the valve seated.

A cap or sleeve member 19 having a closed 'and suitably formed u per end 20 incloses the upper end of the s em and spring with its endwall engaging the upper end of the stem and its side wall `fitting within a suitable guide 21 forming an integral part of the head and within which guide the cap is free to slide.

A cam shaft chamber 22 extends across the several cylinders and is formed integral with the several guide portions 21 which form necks or connecting portions between fthe head proper and the chamber 22 into which the extreme upper ends of the several valve stems project with their guide sleeves 19 inclosing said ends and contacting the several operating cams 23 on a cam shaft 24 which is mounted at one-end in a suitable.

bearing 25 in the end of the cam shaft chamber, a like bearing (not shown) being provided for the shaft at the opposite end of the chamber. Intermediate bearing walls 26 extend across thechamber and form bearings for enlarged portions 27 ofthe cam shaft. A cover plate 28 closes the upper end of the cam shaft chamber and is secured in place by suitable bolts 29, and a wall 30 at each end of the chamber, extends upwardly v to the plane of the seat for the cap and outside of each of these walls is a-space 31 in communication with a passage 32 which extendsdownwardly at each end of lthe head and alongside the end cylinders to the crank case (not shown) of the engine. Oil is supplied to the cam shaft chamber through a suitable connection 33 and fills this chamfrom the two adjacent' ber to the upper edge of the walls 30 over which it flows into the space 31 and drops down the passage 32 to the crank case of the engine. The cam shaft and its cams are thus immersed in oil and the upper ends of the sleeve caps 19 whichnproject into the cam 4shaft chamber are also covered by the body sages 32 so that any oil which may workv downwardly from the cam shaft chamber around the several cap sleeves 19 will drop into this passage and flow therefrom into the passages 32 and thence to the crank case of the engine. To prevent the oil in the passage 36 from getting to the valve stems and working down thereon through their bearings into the inlet and exhaust passages and past the valves int'o the combustion chamber, a boss 37 for each valve stem is formed integral with the bottom of the passage 36 and extends upwardly around the stem a short distance into the lowerend of the cap sleeve 19. As the valve stems and the walls of the l passage 36 become heated during the runlmit the entrance of air into the cap a transverse passage lying directly above the inlet 5 and the` outlet ends of the outlet passages 7, 8 and 9. A. cap orshield 40 is v formed integral with the upper partof the exhaust pipe or manifold 11 and side openings 41 in' this cap adjacent to the pipe, per

` through the connecting passage 39 to a suitable pipe or passage 42 which is secured over the end of the passage 39 .atthe opposite side of theengine and directly above the carbureter 12. This pipe 42' vextends downwardly to a point opposite the air inlet end of the carbureter and is provided with a suitable sleeve valve 43 having an upper open end and a closed lower end. The valve is also formed with side openings or slots 44 and 45, the slot 44 being adapted to register with an outlet opening 46 over which the air inlet to the carbureter is secured; the pipe 42 also has an opening 47 in its outer side directly opposite the opening 46, and the openings in the sleeve valve are so arranged that they may be brought into operative relation to the openings 46 and 47 valve into the ca to permit air to -pass directly through the ureter or the valve may be turned to close the opening 47 and permit air to be drawn through the open upper end of the valve, passage 39 and cap 40. As the slots 4l in the cap 40 are located adjacent to the upperside of the exhaust 'pipe 11, the air passing therethrough into the cap will be rapidly' heated and then pass directly across and into the carbureter atl the opposite side of the engine. The valve 43 is operated by means of a stem 48 and any suitable connection (not shown) extending to a point where it may be conveniently the crank case where it is used over again.

The cap sleeves on the valve stems prevent the oil from getting onto the stems and being conducted thereby to the explosion chambers of the cylinders, and at the same time form contact members for the several cams which are accurately guided in their movement and protect the valve stems against wear'.

Rotary motion' is imparted to the cam shaft in timed relation to the movements of the several pistons in the cylinders, by means of a timing shaft 49 having a pinion 50 on its upper end engaging a bevel gear 51 on the end of the cam shaft, said gears being inclosed within a suitable casing 52 formed integral with the end of the cam shaft chamber 22.

Obviously changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of parts without. departing from the spirit of myy inven- What I claim is 1. In an-engine, the combination with av cylinder having a port in its upper end, a guide bearing, and a valve to close said port having an upwardly extending stem .guided in said bearing, of a sleeve having al closed upper endvlooselyengaging the upper end of the stem, an oil chamber having a guide -tion and I do not limit myself to the construction and arrangement shown.

with a passage leading from the port, and a guide for a valve stem, a valve to close the port having an upwardly extending stem engaging the guide, a member forming an oil chamber into which the upper end of the stem projects and provided with a Vguide opening in its bottom, and an oil passage at the lower end of the guide bearing around the stem, a sleeve guided in the guide bearing having a closed upper end engaging the upper end'of the stem and guided independently of said stem,`a spring within the sleeve to move the stem in one direction, and a cam in the oil chamber toengage the closed end of the sleeve and move the stem against the action of the spring.

Spln an engine, the combination with a plurality of cylinders, of a cylinder portion formed with an inlet and an exhaust port for each cylinder, and passages leading to and from said ports, valves to close said ports having upwardly extending stems', a member forming an oil chamber extending across the several cylinders and into-which the upper ends of thel stems project and a cam shaft in the oil chamber having cams to operate the several stems, said cylinder portion being formed with a passage extending beneath the oil chamber and surrounding the several valve stems to receive oil escaping from the chamber around the stems.

4. In an engine, the'combination with a cylinder portion having ports and passages leading to said ports, of valves to close the ports having upwardly extending stems, an oil chamber into which the upper ends of the stemsI extend, and a cam shaft in the oil chamber having cams to operate the stems, said cylinder portion being formed with a continuous passage surrounding all of the stems, hollow bosses extending upwardly from the bottom of the passage and through which the valve stems extend to form guide bearings therefor, said passage serving to drain away the excess of oil entering said passage from the oil chamber.

5. In an engine, the combination with a plurality of cylinders, of a head formed with inlet and exhaust ports and passages leading to and from said ports, said head being also formed with an oil chamber extending across the several cylinders with neck portions connecting the bottom of said chamber with the head, a. transverse air pas sage being formed between two of the adjacent neck portions, valves to close the ports, upwardly extending valve stems on the valves having bearings in the cylinder portion below the neck portions, sleeves guided in the neck portions independently of .the valve stems and having closed upper ends projecting into the oil chamber, springs sleeved on the stems to hold the same in Contact with the sleeves and move the valves in one direction, a cam shaft in the oil chamber having .cams to engage the upper closed ends of the sleeves and means for preventing the rotation of the sleeves in their bearings.

6. In an engine, the combination with a plurality of cylinders, of a head formed. with inlet and exhaust ports, and passages leading to and from said ports, an oil chamber extending across the head from end to end thereof with an oil passage extending downward therefrom at each end of thehead, a wall at each end of the chamber to maintain a level of oil in the chamber, valves to close the ports, valve stems on the valves extending upwardly into the bottom of the oil chamber and cap sleeves for the valve stems slidable in bearing openings in the bottom of the oil chamber, said headl being formed with a passage at the lower ends of said sleeves communicating at its ends with the oil passages at the ends of ber.

the oil cham- In testimony whereof I affix my signature l in presence of two witnesses.

EMIL A. NELSON. Witnesses:

G. E. MCGRANN, L. E. FLANDERS. 

